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The information in this profile may be out-of-date. It was last revised in 1996. EXTOXNET no longer updates this information, but it may be useful as a reference or resource.

Please visit the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) to find updated pesticide fact sheets. If you don't find a fact sheet related to your question, feel free to call 1-800-858-7378. NPIC is open five days a week from 8:00am to 12:00pm Pacific Time.

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E X T O X N E T

Extension Toxicology Network

Pesticide Information Profiles

A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University, the University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program.

EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University

Revised June 1996

Dodine

Trade and Other Names: Another common name is dodine acetate. Trade names include AC 5223, Apadodine, Carpene, Curitan, Cyprex, Efuzin, Melprex, Sulgen, Syllit, Tebulan, Vandodine, and Venturol.

Regulatory Status: Dodine is a General Use Pesticide (GUP). It is registered for use only in western states for peaches, pears, and cherries. It is classified as toxicity class I - highly toxic. Products containing it bear the Signal Word DANGER because of its potential to cause severe eye irritation.

Chemical Class: substituted acetate

Introduction: Dodine is a fungicide and bactericide used to control scab on apples, pears, and pecans, brown rot on peaches, and several foliar diseases of cherries, strawberries, peaches, sycamore trees, and black walnuts. It is also used as an industrial biocide and preservative. The compound works by changing the cell walls of the fungus, causing loss of the materials from within the cell. It is available as a soluble concentrate or a wettable powder.

Formulation: It is available as a soluble concentrate or a wettable powder.

Toxicological Effects:

• Acute toxicity: Because it may cause severe eye irritation, dodine is considered a highly toxic material [40]. Dodine is slightly toxic via inhalation or ingestion [40]. The oral LD50 for technical dodine in rats is 1000 mg/kg [8]. The dermal LD50 in rats is greater than 6000 mg/kg, and in rabbits is greater than 1500 mg/kg for a single 24-hour contact, indicating slight toxicity [8]. Dodine did not cause allergic skin reactions when tested on humans. However, it is an eye and skin irritant [8].
• Chronic toxicity: Chronic dietary exposure in rats caused reduced weight gain in both sexes and reduced food consumption in males [8]. Dogs fed dodine for 12 months exhibited structural changes in the thyroid, indicative of thyroid stimulation [40].
• Reproductive effects: In a 2-year feeding study, rats given very high dietary doses of 800 mg/kg/day exhibited slight retardation of growth, but no adverse effects on reproduction or lactation [8]. Offspring of mice fed dodine in the diet at doses of 74 to 89 mg/kg/day exhibited decreased numbers of pups surviving to weaning [40]. Dodine is unlikely to cause reproductive effects in humans at expected exposure levels.
• Teratogenic effects: No data are currently available.
• Mutagenic effects: Dodine does not appear to be mutagenic. The Ames test for mutagenicity was negative on five strains of bacteria [8].

• Carcinogenic effects: No data are currently available.
• Organ toxicity: Long-term animal studies indicate that the thyroid was affected.

• Fate in humans and animals: No data are currently available.

Ecological Effects:

• Effects on birds: The oral LD50 for dodine in mallard ducks is 1142 mg/kg, suggesting that the compound is only slightly toxic to birds [8].
• Effects on aquatic organisms: Dodine is highly toxic to fish [8]. The 48-hour LC50 for dodine in harlequin fish is 0.53 mg/L [1].
• Effects on other organisms: Dodine is nontoxic to bees [1]. Its LD50 in honeybees is greater than 11 mg/bee for topical application [1].

Environmental Fate:

• Breakdown in soil and groundwater: Dodine is of low persistence in soil. Its soil half-life is about 20 days. It is soluble in water but binds strongly to soil and so is unlikely to contaminate groundwater [11].
• Breakdown in water: No data are currently available.
• Breakdown in vegetation: No data are currently available.

Physical Properties:

• Appearance: Dodine is a colorless or white, slightly waxy crystalline solid [1].
• Chemical Name: 1-dodecylguanidinium acetate [1]
• CAS Number: 2439-10-3
• Molecular Weight: 287.44
• Water Solubility: 630 mg/L @ 25 C [1]
• Solubility in Other Solvents: s. in methanol and ethanol; i.s. in most organic solvents [1]
• Melting Point: 136 C [1]
• Vapor Pressure: 1300 mPa @ 20 C [1]
• Partition Coefficient: Not Available
• Adsorption Coefficient: 100,000 (estimated) [11]

Exposure Guidelines:

• ADI: 0.01 mg/kg/day [12]
• MCL: Not Available
• RfD: 0.004 mg/kg/day [13]
• PEL: Not Available
• HA: Not Available
• TLV: Not Available

Basic Manufacturer:

Rhone-Poulenc Ag. Co.
P.O. Box 12014
2 T.W. Alexander Dr.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

• Phone: 919-549-2000
• Emergency: 800-334-7577
  

References:

References for the information in this PIP can be found in Reference List Number 10

DISCLAIMER: The information in this profile does not in any way replace or supersede the information on the pesticide product labeling or other regulatory requirements. Please refer to the pesticide product labeling.